Hi-Technology - Radar And Navigation Technology (From Bats)
Hi-Technology - Radar And Navigation Technology (From Bats)
Some men are really smart and clever, aren't they; they amaze us with what they come up with. But in spite of all their research and inventions, nature is often way ahead. In fact, researchers have discovered some pretty sophisticated technology in the Jungle and desert. One of these discoveries involves BATS which use a device resembling RADAR. Although Bats have been around a long, long time, radar is fairly new.
Our great grandfathers never heard of SPEED TRAPS. The US NAVY coined the term ''RADAR" in 1942 during World War II. It comes from an abbreviation of the word ''RADIO DETECTING AND RANGING'', which pretty well describes what it does. Radar detects objects and identifies their locations by means of radio waves. Scientists install a radio transmitter and a radio receiver side by side. The equipment sends out short pulses of radio waves. If an object is within range, waves are reflected back to the radar apparatus. An internal computer notes the reflected wave's direction; it also measures the time between when a wave is sent and its return. This makes it possible to calculate how far away the object is. Four nations independently invented radar for military use at about the same time.
ENGLAND, GERMANY, FRANCE AND USA developed it shortly before the World War II but they found some places where radar would not work such as under water where Submarines could still lurk undetected.
So they developed SONAR- '' SOUND NAVIGATION AND RANGING'' Using Sound waves instead of radio waves.
Researchers had known for a long time that BATS had some kinds of navigational secret. Back in the 1770's an Italian scientist observed that Bats navigated in the dark as accurately as the rest of us do in broad day light. LAZZARO SPALLANZANI decided to experiment with the strange flying mammals. He wanted to see whether they had eyes sensitive enough to see in what looked like darkness to him or whether they had some special sense that humans do not have. When Spallanzani blindfolded some bats, he found that they still flew without bumping into walls, or other solid obstacles, even when he hung thin silk threads in the laboratory, the blindfolded creatures flew without running into them. When a Swiss researcher plugged bats ears, the flying mammals blundered helplessly into objects. Neither scientist had the 20th century equipment needed to research the mystery of how Bats navigate. That discovery has to wait for more than a century and a half.
Shortly before World War II, HARVARD UNIVERSITY SCIENTISTS discovered that Bats sent and received their sound at frequencies too high for humans to hear. Our ears can sense up to 15,000 to 20,000 Hertz (Cycle/second). Bats operate SONAR system at about 35,000 hertz-Almost double the human capacity.
Researching further; the Harvard team discovered that bats send their sound in 'Spurts' - (Like modern radar and Sonar).
When animal flies through a clear area, it saves it energy by transmitting about five Staccato spurts per second. As it approaches an obstacle, it speeds up to about 60 spurts per second to make sure it detects and dodges every danger. Bats fly in groups, each one making its own sound and listening to its own echo bouncing back. The question is why the sound from one Bat doesn't confuse another?
These animals do several brainy things. Each bat makes sound of a slightly different frequency or pitch.
Their ears are so selective that any given Bat is either deaf to other Bats' sound or it can ignore the others and concentrate exhaustively on its own.
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Our great grandfathers never heard of SPEED TRAPS. The US NAVY coined the term ''RADAR" in 1942 during World War II. It comes from an abbreviation of the word ''RADIO DETECTING AND RANGING'', which pretty well describes what it does. Radar detects objects and identifies their locations by means of radio waves. Scientists install a radio transmitter and a radio receiver side by side. The equipment sends out short pulses of radio waves. If an object is within range, waves are reflected back to the radar apparatus. An internal computer notes the reflected wave's direction; it also measures the time between when a wave is sent and its return. This makes it possible to calculate how far away the object is. Four nations independently invented radar for military use at about the same time.
ENGLAND, GERMANY, FRANCE AND USA developed it shortly before the World War II but they found some places where radar would not work such as under water where Submarines could still lurk undetected.
So they developed SONAR- '' SOUND NAVIGATION AND RANGING'' Using Sound waves instead of radio waves.
Researchers had known for a long time that BATS had some kinds of navigational secret. Back in the 1770's an Italian scientist observed that Bats navigated in the dark as accurately as the rest of us do in broad day light. LAZZARO SPALLANZANI decided to experiment with the strange flying mammals. He wanted to see whether they had eyes sensitive enough to see in what looked like darkness to him or whether they had some special sense that humans do not have. When Spallanzani blindfolded some bats, he found that they still flew without bumping into walls, or other solid obstacles, even when he hung thin silk threads in the laboratory, the blindfolded creatures flew without running into them. When a Swiss researcher plugged bats ears, the flying mammals blundered helplessly into objects. Neither scientist had the 20th century equipment needed to research the mystery of how Bats navigate. That discovery has to wait for more than a century and a half.
Shortly before World War II, HARVARD UNIVERSITY SCIENTISTS discovered that Bats sent and received their sound at frequencies too high for humans to hear. Our ears can sense up to 15,000 to 20,000 Hertz (Cycle/second). Bats operate SONAR system at about 35,000 hertz-Almost double the human capacity.
Researching further; the Harvard team discovered that bats send their sound in 'Spurts' - (Like modern radar and Sonar).
When animal flies through a clear area, it saves it energy by transmitting about five Staccato spurts per second. As it approaches an obstacle, it speeds up to about 60 spurts per second to make sure it detects and dodges every danger. Bats fly in groups, each one making its own sound and listening to its own echo bouncing back. The question is why the sound from one Bat doesn't confuse another?
These animals do several brainy things. Each bat makes sound of a slightly different frequency or pitch.
Their ears are so selective that any given Bat is either deaf to other Bats' sound or it can ignore the others and concentrate exhaustively on its own.
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